"""
Obtaining ADR model parameters from IEC 61853 matrix measurements
=================================================================

There's a fitting function provided in pvlib to do exactly that.

Since PV module efficiency varies with irradiance and temperature
what better way to train a model than using efficiency measurement
over a broad range of temperature and irradiance levels?
The standard IEC 61853-1 defines a standard matrix of conditions
for such measurements and this example shows how the ADR model
parameters can be determined with just a few lines of code using
functions in pvlib-python.

Author: Anton Driesse
"""

from io import StringIO
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from pvlib.pvarray import pvefficiency_adr, fit_pvefficiency_adr

# %% The text on this line is not displayed
#
# Here are some matrix measurements:
#

iec61853data = '''
    irradiance  temperature     p_mp
0          100         15.0   30.159
1          200         15.0   63.057
2          400         15.0  129.849
3          600         15.0  197.744
4          800         15.0  264.825
5         1000         15.0  330.862
6          100         25.0   29.250
7          200         25.0   61.137
8          400         25.0  126.445
9          600         25.0  192.278
10         800         25.0  257.561
11        1000         25.0  322.305
12        1100         25.0  354.174
15         400         50.0  117.062
16         600         50.0  177.959
17         800         50.0  238.626
18        1000         50.0  298.954
19        1100         50.0  328.413
23         600         75.0  162.966
24         800         75.0  218.585
25        1000         75.0  273.651
26        1100         75.0  301.013
'''
df = pd.read_csv(StringIO(iec61853data), delim_whitespace=True)

# %%
#
# Now calculate the normalized or relative efficiency values
# and use the fitting function to determine the parameters.
# The parameters (shown below) can now be used to
# simulate the module operating in a PV system.
#

P_REF = 322.305   # (W) STC value from the table above
G_REF = 1000.     # (W/m2)

df['eta_rel'] = (df['p_mp'] / P_REF) / (df['irradiance'] / G_REF)

adr_params = fit_pvefficiency_adr(df['irradiance'], df['temperature'],
                                  df['eta_rel'])

for k, v in adr_params.items():
    print('%-5s = %8.5f' % (k, v))

# %%
#
# Compare the model output to the original measurements.
# The chart below shows minor differences but due to their random nature
# they are most likely evidence of the limitations of measurement accuracy.
#

eta_rel_adr = pvefficiency_adr(df['irradiance'],
                               df['temperature'], **adr_params)

plt.figure()
plt.plot(df['irradiance'], df['eta_rel'], 'oc', ms=8)
plt.plot(df['irradiance'], eta_rel_adr, '.k')
plt.legend(['Lab measurements', 'ADR model fit'], loc='lower right')
plt.xlabel('Irradiance [W/m²]')
plt.ylabel('Relative efficiency [-]')
plt.grid(alpha=0.5)
plt.xlim(0, 1200)
plt.ylim(0.7, 1.1)
plt.show()

# %%
#
# References
# ----------
# .. [1] A. Driesse and J. S. Stein, "From IEC 61853 power measurements
#    to PV system simulations", Sandia Report No. SAND2020-3877, 2020.
#    :doi:`10.2172/1615179`
#
# .. [2] A. Driesse, M. Theristis and J. S. Stein, "A New Photovoltaic Module
#    Efficiency Model for Energy Prediction and Rating," in IEEE Journal
#    of Photovoltaics, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 527-534, March 2021.
#    :doi:`10.1109/JPHOTOV.2020.3045677`
#